Two new meroterpenes from endophytic fungus A1 of Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea

Two new meroterpenes, guignardone D (1) and guignardone E (2), were isolated from endophytic fungus A1 of Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea Gaertn. F. Their structures were established based on spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR (HMQC, (1)H-(1)H COSY, HMBC, and ROESY).     

心肌缺血下人体心室电生理建模和心电图仿真

为了分析心肌缺血下心肌细胞电生理变化以及对心室传导波的影响,本文考虑了缺血情况下高钾、酸液过多、局部缺氧的实际情况,开发了一个人体心室缺血模型。基于该模型,文中模拟了不同缺血程度下心内膜细胞、M细胞和心外膜细胞的动作电位(AP),并探讨了心肌缺血的三个单一因素分别对细胞AP的影响,最后定量分析了二维人体左心室组织心肌缺血下心电图(ECG)的改变情况。实验结果表明,在缺血情况下,心肌细胞动作电位时程(APD)均有不同程度的缩短。大多数情况下,缺血区域越大,或者缺血情况越严重,ECG的ST-T波变化幅度也越大。在上述三个心肌缺血因素中,高钾对ST-T波变化起到关键的作用,这与之前在动物模型上得到的实验结论保持一致。     

神经症患者生活事件与睡眠状况的相关研究

目的探讨神经症患者睡眠状况及生活事件的现状,并进一步研究患者的睡眠状况与生活事件的相关关系。方法在北京市某精神科专科医院选取神经症患者55名,采用生活事件量表（LES）和睡眠状况自评量表（SRSS）对其进行调查,分析神经症患者生活事件与睡眠状况之间的相关关系。结果①神经症患者的睡眠均分要显著高于常模（t=3.360,P〈0.01）;②高中以下文化程度与高中以上文化程度的神经症患者睡眠状况有显著差异（t=2.776,P〈0.01）;未婚的与已婚的神经症患者睡眠状况有显著差异（t=3.512,P〈0.01）;③不同性别、独生与否、婚姻状况的神经症患者所受的生活事件总刺激量并无显著差异（P〉0.05）;④不同类型神经症患者的生活事件与睡眠状况并无显著相关（r=0.041,P〉0.05）。结论①神经症患者比正常人出现更多的睡眠问题,睡眠质量比常人差;②高中以上文化程度的神经症患者的睡眠质量要优于高中以下文化程度的神经症患者;未婚的神经症患者的睡眠质量要优于已婚的神经症患者;③不同类型的神经症患者在经受了生活事件后,生活事件总刺激量对神经症患者的睡眠状况并无影响。     

中低频电疗加中药直流电导入治疗颈椎病的体会

目的通过中低频电疗并中药直流电导入治疗颈椎病,研究颈椎病的较佳疗法。方法采用中低频电疗与中药复方制剂直流电导入的综合治疗法,对6 000例颈椎病患者进行治疗观察,并以单纯中低频电疗法治疗颈椎病1 000例作对照,对两组的疗效进行评定,统计数据经χ2检验。结果综合治疗组治愈率为20%,总有效率为100%;对照组治愈率为9.3%,总有效率为97.3%。综合治疗组疗效明显优于对照组（χ2=461.3,P〈0.01）。结论中低频电疗加中药直流电导入综合疗法,可使颈椎病治疗效果显著提高,具有积极的临床应用及推广价值。     

软骨修复材料在运动性膝关节软骨损伤修复中的作用

背景:评价软骨修复材料在膝关节软骨损伤修复中的效果,为医务、科研工作者的研究提供一定的借鉴.方法:采用电子检索的方式,在万方数据库(http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/)中检索2000-01/2011-03关于修复材料在膝关节软骨损伤研究的文章,关键词为"生物材料;关节软骨;缺损;修复".排除重复研究、普通综述或Meta分析类文章,筛选纳入26篇文献进行评价.结果:膝关节软骨损伤在运动性损伤中较为常见,现在主要的治疗方法是自体骨软骨移植修复膝关节软骨缺损.新型的软骨替代材料研究仍处于动物试验阶段,且在动物体内长期疗效及远期的生物力学变化还未有进一步的证实,进入临床试验更需要一个过程.结论:关节软骨损伤修复的基础研究与临床治疗,虽仍存在许多重点和难点问题亟待探索,但关节软骨损伤修复正从生物材料移植向人工再造活性软骨的崭新阶段迈进.随着各种新型材料的研制和开发,关节软骨损伤修复研究将日益完善,并为临床奠定坚实的基础,应用前景十分广阔.     

Therapeutic effects of melatonin on heatstroke-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in rats

Abstract: Melatonin reportedly exerts beneficial effects to attenuate multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in septic shock. Heatstroke resembles septic shock in many aspects. Thus, this study was performed on the anesthetized rats by using heat exposure to induce heatstroke‐associated MODS. We evaluated the effect of melatonin, a versatile molecule synthesized in the pineal gland and in many organs, in heatstroke rats and showed that melatonin (0.2–5.0 mg/kg of body weight, i.v., immediately after the start of heat stress) significantly (i) attenuated hyperthermia, hypotension and hypothalamic ischemia and hypoxia, (ii) reduced plasma index of the toxic oxidizing radicals like nitric oxide metabolites and hydroxyl radicals, (iii) diminished plasma index of hepatic and renal dysfunction like creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase, (iv) attenuated plasma systemic inflammation response molecules like soluble intercellular and lesion molecule‐1, E‐selectin, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, interleukin (IL)‐1β, and IL‐6, (v) promoted plasma levels of an anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10, (vi) reduced an index of infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in the lung like myeloperoxidase activity, and (vii) promoted the survival time to fourfold compared with the heatstroke alone group. Thus, melatonin could be a novel agent for the treatment of heatstroke animals or patients in the early stage.     

Gastric metaplasia of the duodenum: in vivo diagnosis by endomicroscopy and its relationship with functional dyspepsia

Background and Aim: Gastric metaplasia (GM) of the duodenum is difficult to assess because of its patchy distribution, and the role of GM in functional dyspepsia (FD) is not clear. The aims of this study were to determine if endomicroscopy could identify GM of the duodenum and whether GM has associations with FD. Methods: A series of 51 patients with FD and 25 asymptomatic controls were enrolled. Confocal laser endomicroscopy was performed to evaluate villi changes in vivo. Targeted biopsy specimens were then compared with histopathological results. Results: The accuracy of the endomicroscopy diagnosis of GM during endoscopy was 92.8%, and the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 86.2%, 97.4%, 89.3%, and 96.6%, respectively. The mean κ‐value for interobserver agreement was 0.89. GM in the duodenal bulb was more frequent in patients with FD than in the controls (33.3% vs 12%, P < 0.05), especially in patients with epigastric pain syndrome (47.6% vs 12%, P < 0.01). Conclusions: Endomicroscopy is useful for identifying GM, and GM might be related to FD. These findings could have potential applicability for duodenal screening, and suggest a possible targeting therapy in FD.